{"id":28310,"date":"2019-09-01T12:00:47","date_gmt":"2019-09-01T02:00:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/?p=28310"},"modified":"2021-05-06T13:31:23","modified_gmt":"2021-05-06T03:31:23","slug":"a-short-spacing-interferometer-to-observe-the-early-universe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/a-short-spacing-interferometer-to-observe-the-early-universe\/","title":{"rendered":"A short-spacing interferometer to observe the early Universe"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\">September 2019\u2019s Monthly Media was from Dr\u00a0<span style=\"text-decoration: underline\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.icrar.org\/people\/bmckinley\/\">Ben McKinley<\/a><\/span>, showing the effect of radio-telescope antenna placement on observing the weak hydrogen signal from the early Universe.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\">Hydrogen atoms in the early Universe should emit a distinctive radio signal that, if detected, could inform us about the first stars and galaxies and how and when they formed. A component of this signal is constant across the sky and could in principle be detected by a pair of closely-spaced dipole antennas, if the bright foreground emission could be removed.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-image-element fusion-image-align-center in-legacy-container\" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-liftup-border-radius:0px;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><div class=\"imageframe-align-center\"><div class=\"awb-image-frame awb-image-frame-1 imageframe-liftup\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"450\" title=\"ezgif.com-video-to-gif\" src=\"http:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/ezgif.com-video-to-gif-1.gif\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-28312\"\/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><p><span style=\"font-size: 14px\" data-fusion-font=\"true\"><i>The antenna configurations are shown in the top left, where the residual signal is shown in the top right after removing the foregrounds by subtracting an 8th order polynomial fit to the data (the simulation contains no hydrogen signal, only foregrounds, however a possible hydrogen signal shape is over-plotted in yellow). The bottom panel shows the root-mean-square of the residuals from above for each antenna configuration.<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\">In the above animation Ben shows a simulation of such an observation, for a number of antenna configurations. By rotating the pairs of antennas, the spatially-varying foregrounds are averaged out as the signal is summed, while the constant hydrogen signal is unaffected.<\/p>\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-very-dark-gray-color\">The more antenna rotations, the better the foregrounds are removed and the greater the chance of detecting the hydrogen signal from the early Universe.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":223,"featured_media":28313,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[14,23,24,4,7],"tags":[25,26,27,28,30,33,34,35],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-28310","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-curtin","category-monthly-media","category-mwa-eor","category-outreach","category-science","tag-curtin","tag-curtin-university","tag-early-universe","tag-eor","tag-epoch-of-reionisation","tag-monthly-media","tag-murchison-widefield-array","tag-mwa"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.8 - 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