{"id":925,"date":"2018-04-26T06:35:03","date_gmt":"2018-04-26T06:35:03","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/?p=925"},"modified":"2020-07-22T11:23:13","modified_gmt":"2020-07-22T01:23:13","slug":"galaxies-grow-bigger-and-puffier-as-they-age","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/galaxies-grow-bigger-and-puffier-as-they-age\/","title":{"rendered":"Galaxies grow bigger and puffier as they age"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

A new international study involving The University of Sydney, The Australian National University (ANU) and the ARC Centre of Excellence in All-Sky Astrophysics in 3D (ASTRO 3D) has found that galaxies grow bigger and puffier as they age.<\/p>\n\n\n

\u201cGalaxy shape and age are not obviously linked so the connection is surprising and may point to a deep underlying relationship,\u201d  lead author from The University of Sydney and ASTRO 3D Dr Jesse van de Sande said.<\/p>\n\n\n

Co-researcher Professor Matthew Colless from ANU said that stars in a young galaxy moved in an orderly way around the galaxy\u2019s disk, much like cars around a racetrack. \u201cAll galaxies look like squashed spheres, but as they grow older they become puffier with stars going around in all directions,\u201d said Professor Colless from the ANU Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, and Chief Investigator of ASTRO 3D. \u201cOur Milky Way is more than 13 billion years old, so it is not young anymore, but the galaxy still has both a central bulge of old stars and spiral arms of young stars.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

\"\"
Hubble image of NCG 3501 galaxy – a flattened young galaxy IMAGE: ESA\/NASA<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

To work out a galaxy\u2019s shape, the research team measured the movement of stars with an instrument called SAMI on the Anglo-Australian Telescope at the ANU Siding Spring Observatory. They studied 843 galaxies of all kinds and with a hundred-fold range in mass. The study, which is published in Nature Astronomy<\/em><\/a>, was funded by the ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D) and the ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO) at Sydney and ANU.<\/p>\n\n\n

Lead author Dr Jesse van de Sande from The University of Sydney and ASTRO 3D said that it was not obvious that galaxy shape and age had to be linked, so the connection was surprising and could point to a deep underlying relationship. \u201cAs a galaxy ages, internal changes take place and the galaxy may collide with others,\u201d Dr van de Sande said. \u201cThese events disorder the stars\u2019 movements.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

Co-author Dr Nicholas Scott from the University of Sydney, and a researcher in ASTRO 3D, said scientists measured a galaxy\u2019s age through colour. \u201cYoung, blue stars grow old and turn red,\u201d he said. \u201cWhen we plotted how ordered the galaxies were against how<\/p>\n\n\n

\"\"
Virgo cluster galaxy NGC 4660, na elliptical located about 50 million light-years from Earth IMAGE: ESA, NASA and E. Peng (Peking University, Beijing)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n

squashed they were, the relationship with age leapt out. Galaxies that have the same squashed spherical shape, have stars of the same age as well.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n

Dr van de Sande said scientists had known for a long time that shape and age were linked in very extreme galaxies, thatis very flat ones and very round ones. \u201cThis is the first time we\u2019ve shown shape and age are related for all kinds of galaxies, not just the extremes \u2013 all shapes, all ages, all masses,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n\n\n

University of Sydney co-author Dr Julia Bryant, lead scientist for the SAMI instrument, said the team was still searching for the simple, powerful relationships like shape and age that underlie a lot of the complexity scientists see in galaxies. \u201cTo see those relationships, you need detailed information on large numbers of galaxies,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n

The Anglo-Australian Observatory (AAO) is building SAMI\u2019s successor instrument, Hector, which is designed to observe 100 galaxies at a time.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

A new international study involving The University of Sydney, The […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":109,"featured_media":927,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,6,7],"tags":[],"coauthors":[],"class_list":["post-925","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-sami-hector","category-science"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nGalaxies grow bigger and puffier as they age - ASTRO 3D<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/galaxies-grow-bigger-and-puffier-as-they-age\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Galaxies grow bigger and puffier as they age - ASTRO 3D\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A new international study involving The University of Sydney, The […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/galaxies-grow-bigger-and-puffier-as-they-age\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ASTRO 3D\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2018-04-26T06:35:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-07-22T01:23:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Virgo-cluster-galaxy-NCG-4660-about-50-million-LY-Credit-ESA-NASA-and-E-Peng-Peking-University-Beijing.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"700\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"700\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ingrid McCarthy\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@ingidefygravity\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ingrid McCarthy\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/galaxies-grow-bigger-and-puffier-as-they-age\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/astro3d.org.au\/galaxies-grow-bigger-and-puffier-as-they-age\/\",\"name\":\"Galaxies grow bigger and puffier as they age - 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